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HARTUNG, Hans; born 1904 Leipzig - 1989 Antibes. German/French painter. |
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| 1920 | Hartung turned to abstraction as early as the 1920s, influenced by the German Expressionism and above all by Kandinsky and Klee. | ||
| 1924-28 | Studied
philosophy and history of art at Leipzig University and then attended
the Art Academies in Leipzig and Dresden. |
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| 1932 | Living
for a time on the island of Menorca. |
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| 1935 | Persecuted
by the Nazis, he emigrated to France and settled in Paris. Contact with Domela, Kandinsky, Magnelli, Mondrian, Miró and Calder. Participated in exhibitions at the Salon des Surindépendants and Galerie Pierre in Paris. Joined the foreign Legion. |
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| 1939 | Wallpaintings
for the post office in Yerington, Nevada. |
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| 1944 | Severely
wounded at the front, lost his right leg. |
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| 1945 | Returned
to Paris and obtained French citizenship. |
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| 1955 | Participated
in documenta 1 in Kassel. |
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| 1956 | Received
the Guggenheim Award and was nominated a special member of the Berlin
Academy. |
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| 1959 | Participated
in documenta 2 in Kassel. |
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| 1960 | Major
international award for painting at the Venice Biennale. |
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| 1964 | Participated
in documenta 3 in Kassel. National decoration for service to the German community. |
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| 1976 | Publication in Paris of his autobiography 'Autoportrait'. | ||
| 1977 | Member of the Institut de France and Académie des Beaux-Arts, Paris. | ||
| 1981 | Oskar Kokoschka Award from the Republic of Austria. | ||
Beside Fautrier, Wols and Riopelle, Hartung was one of the most important representatives of the Ecole de Paris. His works broke away from Abstract Expressionism and anticipated L'art informel. He developed an automatic, psychographic idiom based on accumulations of intersecting, colored lines, known as the 'ink-line technique'. This calligraphic style was an immediate expression of inner urges and states of mind, the concrete record of descrete moments in the artist's existence. The energetic lines in Hartung's paintings reflect also his interest in astronomy, for which he had a lifelong fascination. Instead of giving his paintings titles, he numbered them consecutively, as T 56-9 of 1956. 'T' stands for tableau (picture), '56' for the year of execution, and '9' for the painting's number within the year's production. |
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